Understanding Similar Words
Similar words (้ก็พฉ่ช - ใใใใ) are words that have comparable meanings but differ in usage, nuance, formality, or context. Mastering these distinctions is crucial for natural Japanese expression and comprehension. This section focuses on commonly confused N3-level word pairs and their proper usage contexts.
๐ฏ Key Strategies for Similar Words
What This Section Tests:
1. Subtle Meaning Differences:
- Core meaning vs extended meaning
- Literal vs figurative usage
- Objective vs subjective perspective
- General vs specific application
2. Usage Context Differences:
- Formality level (casual/formal)
- Written vs spoken language
- Positive vs negative connotation
- Subject/object restrictions
3. Grammatical Differences:
- Transitive vs intransitive
- Particle requirements
- Verb conjugation patterns
- Adjective types (ใ vs ใช)
4. Common Confused Pairs (N3):
- ่ฆใ vs ่ฆณใ (see vs watch)
- ไฝใ vs ้ ใ vs ๅตใ (make types)
- ่ใ vs ่ดใ vs ่จใ (hear types)
- ็ตใใ vs ๆธใ (finish types)
- ๅงใใ vs ๅงใพใ (start types)
5. Strategy:
- Understand core difference first
- Note usage restrictions
- Learn typical collocations
- Practice in context
- Check formality level๐ Common Similar Word Pairs
Pair 1: ่ฆใ vs ่ฆณใ (both read ใฟใ)
่ฆใ (ใฟใ) - to see, to look at (general)
Core meaning: General seeing/looking
Usage:
โข ๆฏ่ฒใ่ฆใ (look at scenery)
โข ใใฌใใ่ฆใ (watch TV)
โข ๅป่ ใซ่ฆใฆใใใ (have doctor look at you)
โข ใกใใฃใจ่ฆใฆใใ ใใ (please take a look)
โข ๅคขใ่ฆใ (have a dream)
Context: Everyday, general viewing action
Core meaning: General seeing/looking
Usage:
โข ๆฏ่ฒใ่ฆใ (look at scenery)
โข ใใฌใใ่ฆใ (watch TV)
โข ๅป่ ใซ่ฆใฆใใใ (have doctor look at you)
โข ใกใใฃใจ่ฆใฆใใ ใใ (please take a look)
โข ๅคขใ่ฆใ (have a dream)
Context: Everyday, general viewing action
่ฆณใ (ใฟใ) - to watch, to view (entertainment/art)
Core meaning: Intentional viewing of performances/art
Usage:
โข ๆ ็ปใ่ฆณใ (watch a movie)
โข ่ฉฆๅใ่ฆณใ (watch a game/match)
โข ๆผๅใ่ฆณใ (watch a play)
โข ๆกใ่ฆณใ (view cherry blossoms)
โข ๅฑ่ฆงไผใ่ฆณใ (view an exhibition)
Context: Entertainment, sports, artistic appreciation
Core meaning: Intentional viewing of performances/art
Usage:
โข ๆ ็ปใ่ฆณใ (watch a movie)
โข ่ฉฆๅใ่ฆณใ (watch a game/match)
โข ๆผๅใ่ฆณใ (watch a play)
โข ๆกใ่ฆณใ (view cherry blossoms)
โข ๅฑ่ฆงไผใ่ฆณใ (view an exhibition)
Context: Entertainment, sports, artistic appreciation
Pair 2: ไฝใ vs ้ ใ vs ๅตใ (all read ใคใใ)
ไฝใ (ใคใใ) - to make (general, physical)
Core meaning: Creating physical things, cooking
Usage:
โข ๆ็ใไฝใ (make food/cook)
โข ๆบใไฝใ (make a desk)
โข ใฌใใผใใไฝใ (create a report)
โข ๅ้ใไฝใ (make friends)
โข ๆ้ใไฝใ (make time)
Context: Most common; everyday creating/making
Core meaning: Creating physical things, cooking
Usage:
โข ๆ็ใไฝใ (make food/cook)
โข ๆบใไฝใ (make a desk)
โข ใฌใใผใใไฝใ (create a report)
โข ๅ้ใไฝใ (make friends)
โข ๆ้ใไฝใ (make time)
Context: Most common; everyday creating/making
้ ใ (ใคใใ) - to construct, to manufacture
Core meaning: Building large structures, brewing
Usage:
โข ๅฎถใ้ ใ (build a house)
โข ่นใ้ ใ (build a ship)
โข ้ ใ้ ใ (brew sake)
โข ๆฉใ้ ใ (construct a bridge)
โข ใใ ใ้ ใ (construct a dam)
Context: Large-scale construction, manufacturing
Core meaning: Building large structures, brewing
Usage:
โข ๅฎถใ้ ใ (build a house)
โข ่นใ้ ใ (build a ship)
โข ้ ใ้ ใ (brew sake)
โข ๆฉใ้ ใ (construct a bridge)
โข ใใ ใ้ ใ (construct a dam)
Context: Large-scale construction, manufacturing
ๅตใ (ใคใใ) - to create (artistic/original)
Core meaning: Creating original works, artistic creation
Usage:
โข ไฝๅใๅตใ (create a work of art)
โข ๆฐใใไธ็ใๅตใ (create a new world)
โข ๆชๆฅใๅตใ (create the future)
โข ๆๅใๅตใ (create culture)
โข ไผ่ชฌใๅตใ (create a legend)
Context: Artistic, abstract, innovative creation
Core meaning: Creating original works, artistic creation
Usage:
โข ไฝๅใๅตใ (create a work of art)
โข ๆฐใใไธ็ใๅตใ (create a new world)
โข ๆชๆฅใๅตใ (create the future)
โข ๆๅใๅตใ (create culture)
โข ไผ่ชฌใๅตใ (create a legend)
Context: Artistic, abstract, innovative creation
Pair 3: ่ใ vs ่ดใ vs ่จใ (all read ใใ)
่ใ (ใใ) - to hear, to listen, to ask (general)
Core meaning: General hearing/listening/asking
Usage:
โข ้ณใ่ใใใ (can hear a sound)
โข ่ฉฑใ่ใ (listen to a story)
โข ่ณชๅใ่ใ (ask a question)
โข ใใฅใผในใ่ใ (hear/listen to news)
โข ๅ ็ใซ่ใ (ask the teacher)
Context: Most common; everyday hearing/asking
Core meaning: General hearing/listening/asking
Usage:
โข ้ณใ่ใใใ (can hear a sound)
โข ่ฉฑใ่ใ (listen to a story)
โข ่ณชๅใ่ใ (ask a question)
โข ใใฅใผในใ่ใ (hear/listen to news)
โข ๅ ็ใซ่ใ (ask the teacher)
Context: Most common; everyday hearing/asking
่ดใ (ใใ) - to listen (attentively/music)
Core meaning: Attentive, focused listening
Usage:
โข ้ณๆฅฝใ่ดใ (listen to music)
โข ่ฌ็พฉใ่ดใ (attend/listen to a lecture)
โข ใณใณใตใผใใ่ดใ (listen to a concert)
โข ใฉใธใชใ่ดใ (listen to radio)
โข ๆ่ฆใ่ดใ (listen to opinions)
Context: Intentional, focused, appreciative listening
Core meaning: Attentive, focused listening
Usage:
โข ้ณๆฅฝใ่ดใ (listen to music)
โข ่ฌ็พฉใ่ดใ (attend/listen to a lecture)
โข ใณใณใตใผใใ่ดใ (listen to a concert)
โข ใฉใธใชใ่ดใ (listen to radio)
โข ๆ่ฆใ่ดใ (listen to opinions)
Context: Intentional, focused, appreciative listening
่จใ (ใใ) - to ask, to inquire
Core meaning: Asking questions, interrogating
Usage:
โข ๅๅใ่จใ (ask someone's name)
โข ้ใ่จใ (ask for directions)
โข ่ฉณใใ่จใ (inquire in detail)
โข ็็ฑใ่จใ (ask the reason)
โข ไบๆ ใ่จใ (inquire about circumstances)
Context: Formal/written; asking/interrogating
Core meaning: Asking questions, interrogating
Usage:
โข ๅๅใ่จใ (ask someone's name)
โข ้ใ่จใ (ask for directions)
โข ่ฉณใใ่จใ (inquire in detail)
โข ็็ฑใ่จใ (ask the reason)
โข ไบๆ ใ่จใ (inquire about circumstances)
Context: Formal/written; asking/interrogating
Pair 4: ็ตใใ vs ๆธใ (finish/end)
็ตใใ (ใใใ) - to end, to finish
Core meaning: Coming to an end (objective)
Usage:
โข ๆๆฅญใ็ตใใ (class ends)
โข ไปไบใ็ตใใ (work finishes)
โข ๆ ็ปใ็ตใใ (movie ends)
โข ๅคใ็ตใใ (summer ends)
โข ่ฉฆ้จใ็ตใใฃใ (exam finished)
Context: Objective end/completion of events
Core meaning: Coming to an end (objective)
Usage:
โข ๆๆฅญใ็ตใใ (class ends)
โข ไปไบใ็ตใใ (work finishes)
โข ๆ ็ปใ็ตใใ (movie ends)
โข ๅคใ็ตใใ (summer ends)
โข ่ฉฆ้จใ็ตใใฃใ (exam finished)
Context: Objective end/completion of events
ๆธใ (ใใ) - to finish, to be completed
Core meaning: Being done/settled (subjective)
Usage:
โข ็จไบใๆธใ (errand is done)
โข ๆบๅใๆธใใ (preparations are complete)
โข ๆฏๆใใๆธใ (payment is completed)
โข ่ฉฑใๆธใ (conversation is finished)
โข ๅฎฟ้กใๆธใใ (homework is done)
Context: Tasks/obligations completed, settled
Core meaning: Being done/settled (subjective)
Usage:
โข ็จไบใๆธใ (errand is done)
โข ๆบๅใๆธใใ (preparations are complete)
โข ๆฏๆใใๆธใ (payment is completed)
โข ่ฉฑใๆธใ (conversation is finished)
โข ๅฎฟ้กใๆธใใ (homework is done)
Context: Tasks/obligations completed, settled
Pair 5: ๅงใใ vs ๅงใพใ (start/begin)
ๅงใใ (ใฏใใใ) - to start (transitive)
Core meaning: Someone starts something
Usage:
โข ๅๅผทใๅงใใ (start studying)
โข ไปไบใๅงใใ (start work)
โข ๆฐใใ็ๆดปใๅงใใ (start new life)
โข ไผ่ญฐใๅงใใพใ (will start meeting)
โข ใใธใในใๅงใใ (start business)
Context: Active agent starting action
Grammar: Takes ใ for object
Core meaning: Someone starts something
Usage:
โข ๅๅผทใๅงใใ (start studying)
โข ไปไบใๅงใใ (start work)
โข ๆฐใใ็ๆดปใๅงใใ (start new life)
โข ไผ่ญฐใๅงใใพใ (will start meeting)
โข ใใธใในใๅงใใ (start business)
Context: Active agent starting action
Grammar: Takes ใ for object
ๅงใพใ (ใฏใใพใ) - to begin (intransitive)
Core meaning: Something begins/starts
Usage:
โข ๆๆฅญใๅงใพใ (class begins)
โข ๆ ็ปใๅงใพใ (movie starts)
โข ไผ่ญฐใๅงใพใฃใ (meeting started)
โข ๆฅใๅงใพใ (spring begins)
โข ๆฐๅญฆๆใๅงใพใ (new semester starts)
Context: Events beginning naturally
Grammar: Subject takes ใ
Core meaning: Something begins/starts
Usage:
โข ๆๆฅญใๅงใพใ (class begins)
โข ๆ ็ปใๅงใพใ (movie starts)
โข ไผ่ญฐใๅงใพใฃใ (meeting started)
โข ๆฅใๅงใพใ (spring begins)
โข ๆฐๅญฆๆใๅงใพใ (new semester starts)
Context: Events beginning naturally
Grammar: Subject takes ใ
Pair 6: ๅใใ vs ็ฅใ (understand/know)
ๅใใ (ใใใ) - to understand, to comprehend
Core meaning: Understanding/grasping meaning
Usage:
โข ๆๅณใๅใใ (understand the meaning)
โข ๆฅๆฌ่ชใๅใใ (understand Japanese)
โข ๆฐๆใกใๅใใ (understand feelings)
โข ๅใใใพใใ (I understand/got it)
โข ใใๅใใใชใ (don't really understand)
Context: Understanding, comprehension
State: Current understanding ability
Core meaning: Understanding/grasping meaning
Usage:
โข ๆๅณใๅใใ (understand the meaning)
โข ๆฅๆฌ่ชใๅใใ (understand Japanese)
โข ๆฐๆใกใๅใใ (understand feelings)
โข ๅใใใพใใ (I understand/got it)
โข ใใๅใใใชใ (don't really understand)
Context: Understanding, comprehension
State: Current understanding ability
็ฅใ (ใใ) - to know, to be aware of
Core meaning: Having knowledge/information
Usage:
โข ไบๅฎใ็ฅใ (know the facts)
โข ๅฝผใ็ฅใฃใฆใใ (know him)
โข ใใฅใผในใ็ฅใฃใ (learned the news)
โข ้ใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใ (do you know the way?)
โข ็ฅใใชใไบบ (stranger/unknown person)
Context: Possessing information/knowledge
State: Usually ็ฅใฃใฆใใ (knowing/aware)
Core meaning: Having knowledge/information
Usage:
โข ไบๅฎใ็ฅใ (know the facts)
โข ๅฝผใ็ฅใฃใฆใใ (know him)
โข ใใฅใผในใ็ฅใฃใ (learned the news)
โข ้ใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใ (do you know the way?)
โข ็ฅใใชใไบบ (stranger/unknown person)
Context: Possessing information/knowledge
State: Usually ็ฅใฃใฆใใ (knowing/aware)
Pair 7: ๅใใ vs ่ฒธใ (borrow/lend)
ๅใใ (ใใใ) - to borrow, to rent
Core meaning: Receiving something temporarily
Usage:
โข ๆฌใๅใใ (borrow a book)
โข ใ้ใๅใใ (borrow money)
โข ้จๅฑใๅใใ (rent a room)
โข ๅ้ใซๅใใ (borrowed from friend)
โข DVDใๅใใ (rent a DVD)
Context: You receive/take temporarily
Particle: ใใ/ใซ for lender
Core meaning: Receiving something temporarily
Usage:
โข ๆฌใๅใใ (borrow a book)
โข ใ้ใๅใใ (borrow money)
โข ้จๅฑใๅใใ (rent a room)
โข ๅ้ใซๅใใ (borrowed from friend)
โข DVDใๅใใ (rent a DVD)
Context: You receive/take temporarily
Particle: ใใ/ใซ for lender
่ฒธใ (ใใ) - to lend, to rent out
Core meaning: Giving something temporarily
Usage:
โข ๆฌใ่ฒธใ (lend a book)
โข ใ้ใ่ฒธใ (lend money)
โข ้จๅฑใ่ฒธใ (rent out a room)
โข ๅ้ใซ่ฒธใใ (lent to friend)
โข ่ปใ่ฒธใใฆใใ ใใ (please lend me car)
Context: You give/provide temporarily
Particle: ใซ for borrower
Core meaning: Giving something temporarily
Usage:
โข ๆฌใ่ฒธใ (lend a book)
โข ใ้ใ่ฒธใ (lend money)
โข ้จๅฑใ่ฒธใ (rent out a room)
โข ๅ้ใซ่ฒธใใ (lent to friend)
โข ่ปใ่ฒธใใฆใใ ใใ (please lend me car)
Context: You give/provide temporarily
Particle: ใซ for borrower
Pair 8: ๆใใ vs ็ฟใ (teach/learn)
ๆใใ (ใใใใ) - to teach, to tell
Core meaning: Providing knowledge/information
Usage:
โข ๆฅๆฌ่ชใๆใใ (teach Japanese)
โข ้ใๆใใ (give directions)
โข ๆนๆณใๆใใ (teach method)
โข ๅญฆ็ใซๆใใ (teach students)
โข ้ป่ฉฑ็ชๅทใๆใใฆ (tell me phone number)
Context: You provide knowledge to someone
Particle: ใซ for student/recipient
Core meaning: Providing knowledge/information
Usage:
โข ๆฅๆฌ่ชใๆใใ (teach Japanese)
โข ้ใๆใใ (give directions)
โข ๆนๆณใๆใใ (teach method)
โข ๅญฆ็ใซๆใใ (teach students)
โข ้ป่ฉฑ็ชๅทใๆใใฆ (tell me phone number)
Context: You provide knowledge to someone
Particle: ใซ for student/recipient
็ฟใ (ใชใใ) - to learn, to take lessons
Core meaning: Receiving instruction/knowledge
Usage:
โข ๆฅๆฌ่ชใ็ฟใ (learn/study Japanese)
โข ใใขใใ็ฟใ (take piano lessons)
โข ๅ ็ใซ็ฟใ (learn from teacher)
โข ็ฟๅญใ็ฟใฃใฆใใ (taking calligraphy)
โข ๆ็ใ็ฟใใใ (want to learn cooking)
Context: You receive instruction
Particle: ใซ for teacher
Core meaning: Receiving instruction/knowledge
Usage:
โข ๆฅๆฌ่ชใ็ฟใ (learn/study Japanese)
โข ใใขใใ็ฟใ (take piano lessons)
โข ๅ ็ใซ็ฟใ (learn from teacher)
โข ็ฟๅญใ็ฟใฃใฆใใ (taking calligraphy)
โข ๆ็ใ็ฟใใใ (want to learn cooking)
Context: You receive instruction
Particle: ใซ for teacher
โ๏ธ Practice Exercises
Exercise 1: Choose the Correct Similar Word
1. ๆจๆฅใๆ ็ปใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใพใใใ
a) ่ฆ
b) ่ฆณ
c) either OK
d) neither correct
a) ่ฆ
b) ่ฆณ
c) either OK
d) neither correct
2. ๆฏใๆฉใ้ฃฏใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใพใใ
a) ไฝใฃใฆ
b) ้ ใฃใฆ
c) ๅตใฃใฆ
d) all correct
a) ไฝใฃใฆ
b) ้ ใฃใฆ
c) ๅตใฃใฆ
d) all correct
3. ้ณๆฅฝใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใฎใๅฅฝใใงใใ
a) ่ใ
b) ่ดใ
c) ่จใ
d) a and b both OK
a) ่ใ
b) ่ดใ
c) ่จใ
d) a and b both OK
4. ๅฎฟ้กใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใพใใใ
a) ็ตใใ
b) ๆธใฟ
c) either OK
d) neither fits naturally
a) ็ตใใ
b) ๆธใฟ
c) either OK
d) neither fits naturally
5. ๆๆฅญใ9ๆใซ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใพใใ
a) ๅงใ
b) ๅงใพใ
c) either OK
d) depends on context
a) ๅงใ
b) ๅงใพใ
c) either OK
d) depends on context
Exercise 2: Distinguish Meaning
6. ๅฝผใฎใใจใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใพใใใ
(Do you _____ him?)
a) ๅใใฃใฆ
b) ็ฅใฃใฆ
c) either OK
d) neither natural
(Do you _____ him?)
a) ๅใใฃใฆ
b) ็ฅใฃใฆ
c) either OK
d) neither natural
7. ๅ้ใซๆฌใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใพใใใ
(I _____ a book to/from friend)
a) ๅใ (borrowed)
b) ่ฒธใ (lent)
c) need more context
d) either could work
(I _____ a book to/from friend)
a) ๅใ (borrowed)
b) ่ฒธใ (lent)
c) need more context
d) either could work
8. ๅ
็ใซๆฅๆฌ่ชใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใใพใใ
(I _____ Japanese from teacher)
a) ๆใใฆ
b) ็ฟใฃใฆ
c) either OK
d) neither correct
(I _____ Japanese from teacher)
a) ๆใใฆ
b) ็ฟใฃใฆ
c) either OK
d) neither correct
9. ๆฐใใไผ็คพใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใพใใใ
(Started a new company)
a) ๅงใ
b) ๅงใพใ
c) either OK
d) depends on meaning
(Started a new company)
a) ๅงใ
b) ๅงใพใ
c) either OK
d) depends on meaning
10. ่นใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใๆ่ก
(Technology to _____ ships)
a) ไฝ
b) ้
c) ๅต
d) a or b
(Technology to _____ ships)
a) ไฝ
b) ้
c) ๅต
d) a or b
Exercise 3: Context-Based Selection
11. ใณใณใตใผใใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใซ่กใใพใใ
a) ่ใ
b) ่ดใ
c) ่จใ
d) a and b both OK
a) ่ใ
b) ่ดใ
c) ่จใ
d) a and b both OK
12. ใใฃใจๆบๅใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใพใใใ
a) ็ตใใ
b) ๆธใฟ
c) either OK
d) b is more natural
a) ็ตใใ
b) ๆธใฟ
c) either OK
d) b is more natural
13. ใใฎๆผขๅญใฎๆๅณใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใพใใใ
a) ็ฅใ
b) ๅใใ
c) either OK
d) depends on nuance
a) ็ฅใ
b) ๅใใ
c) either OK
d) depends on nuance
14. ใขใใผใใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใฆใใพใใ
(I'm _____ an apartment)
a) ๅใใฆ (renting - tenant)
b) ่ฒธใใฆ (renting out - landlord)
c) need context
d) either possible
(I'm _____ an apartment)
a) ๅใใฆ (renting - tenant)
b) ่ฒธใใฆ (renting out - landlord)
c) need context
d) either possible
15. ๅญไพใซใใขใใ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ๏ผฟใฆใใพใใ
(I'm _____ piano to children)
a) ็ฟใใใฆ (having them learn)
b) ๆใใฆ (teaching)
c) both possible
d) neither natural
(I'm _____ piano to children)
a) ็ฟใใใฆ (having them learn)
b) ๆใใฆ (teaching)
c) both possible
d) neither natural
โ Answer Key & Explanations
Exercise 1:
1. b) ่ฆณ (ใฟใ)
ๆ ็ปใ่ฆณใ = watch a movie (entertainment)
่ฆณใ is used for movies, plays, performances
2. a) ไฝใฃใฆ (ใคใใฃใฆ)
ๆ็ใไฝใ = make/cook food
ไฝใ is standard for cooking/making food
3. b) ่ดใ (ใใ)
้ณๆฅฝใ่ดใ = listen to music
่ดใ is for appreciative, focused listening
4. b) ๆธใฟ (ใใฟ)
ๅฎฟ้กใๆธใ = homework is done/completed
ๆธใ better for tasks/obligations completed
5. b) ๅงใพใ (ใฏใใพใ)
ๆๆฅญใๅงใพใ = class begins
ๅงใพใ (intransitive) with ใ for subject
Exercise 2:
6. b) ็ฅใฃใฆ (ใใฃใฆ)
ๅฝผใ็ฅใฃใฆใใ = know him (aware of person)
็ฅใ = know (possess information about)
7. c) need more context
ๅใใพใใ = borrowed from friend
่ฒธใใพใใ = lent to friend
Both grammatically correct, need context
8. b) ็ฟใฃใฆ (ใชใใฃใฆ)
็ฟใ = learn/take lessons (you receive)
ๆใใ = teach (you give)
9. a) ๅงใ (ใฏใใ)
ไผ็คพใๅงใใ = start a company
ๅงใใ (transitive) takes ใ for object
10. b) ้ (ใคใใ)
่นใ้ ใ = build/construct ships
้ ใ for large-scale construction
Exercise 3:
11. b) ่ดใ (ใใ)
ใณใณใตใผใใ่ดใ = listen to concert
่ดใ for appreciative music listening
12. d) b is more natural
ๆบๅใๆธใ = preparations complete
ๆธใ better for task completion
13. b) ๅใใ (ใใใ)
ๆๅณใๅใใ = understand meaning
ๅใใ for comprehension
14. a) ๅใใฆ (ใใใฆ) - more likely
ใขใใผใใๅใใ = rent apartment (tenant)
More common context than renting out
15. b) ๆใใฆ (ใใใใฆ)
ใใขใใๆใใ = teach piano
ๆใใ when you provide instruction
(็ฟใใใฆ would need causative form context)
Scoring:
13-15: Excellent! Strong distinction ability
10-12: Good! Minor nuance review needed
7-9: Fair - study usage contexts more
0-6: Keep practicing - focus on core differences๐ Quick Reference Chart
Similar Words Quick Guide:
SEEING/WATCHING:
่ฆใ โ General seeing (TV, scenery, doctor)
่ฆณใ โ Entertainment (movies, plays, sports)
MAKING:
ไฝใ โ General making (food, things, reports)
้ ใ โ Construction (houses, ships, bridges)
ๅตใ โ Creative (art, culture, innovation)
HEARING/LISTENING:
่ใ โ General (hear sounds, ask questions)
่ดใ โ Attentive (music, lectures, concerts)
่จใ โ Inquire (ask formally, interrogate)
FINISHING:
็ตใใ โ Objective end (events, time periods)
ๆธใ โ Tasks done (errands, preparations)
STARTING:
ๅงใใ โ Transitive (start something - ใ)
ๅงใพใ โ Intransitive (something starts - ใ)
KNOWING:
ๅใใ โ Understand (comprehend meaning)
็ฅใ โ Know (possess information)
BORROWING/LENDING:
ๅใใ โ Borrow (you receive)
่ฒธใ โ Lend (you give)
TEACHING/LEARNING:
ๆใใ โ Teach (you provide)
็ฟใ โ Learn (you receive)๐ฏ Key Takeaways
- Context determines choice: Similar meanings but different usage situations
- ่ฆณใ for entertainment: Movies, sports, plays - ่ฆใ for general seeing
- ่ดใ for music: Appreciative listening - ่ใ for general hearing
- Transitive vs intransitive: ๅงใใ (start something) vs ๅงใพใ (something starts)
- ็ฅใ vs ๅใใ: ็ฅใฃใฆใใ (know facts) vs ๅใใ (understand meaning)
- Perspective matters: ๅใใ (you receive) vs ่ฒธใ (you give)
- ้ ใ for construction: Large buildings/structures - ไฝใ for general making
- ๆธใ for tasks: Obligations completed - ็ตใใ for objective endings