🐛 Debugging

# Print debugging
def calculate(a, b):
    print(f"Debug: a={a}, b={b}")
    result = a + b
    print(f"Debug: result={result}")
    return result

# Logging
import logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)

def process_data(data):
    logging.debug(f"Processing {len(data)} items")
    logging.info("Process started")
    logging.warning("Low memory")
    logging.error("Failed to process")

# Assert for assumptions
def divide(a, b):
    assert b != 0, "Divisor cannot be zero"
    return a / b

import pdb

def buggy_function(x, y):
    pdb.set_trace()  # Breakpoint
    result = x / y
    return result

# PDB commands:
# n (next) - Execute next line
# s (step) - Step into function
# c (continue) - Continue execution
# p variable - Print variable
# l (list) - Show code context
# q (quit) - Exit debugger

# Post-mortem debugging
try:
    buggy_code()
except Exception:
    import pdb; pdb.post_mortem()

# Python 3.7+ breakpoint()
def modern_debug():
    x = 10
    breakpoint()  # Built-in breakpoint
    return x * 2