🧬 Inheritance

class Animal:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
    
    def speak(self):
        return f"{self.name} makes a sound"

class Dog(Animal):  # Dog inherits from Animal
    def speak(self):  # Override parent method
        return f"{self.name} barks"

class Cat(Animal):
    def speak(self):
        return f"{self.name} meows"

dog = Dog("Buddy")
cat = Cat("Whiskers")
print(dog.speak())  # Buddy barks
print(cat.speak())  # Whiskers meows

class Employee:
    def __init__(self, name, salary):
        self.name = name
        self.salary = salary

class Manager(Employee):
    def __init__(self, name, salary, department):
        super().__init__(name, salary)  # Call parent constructor
        self.department = department

manager = Manager("Alice", 80000, "Engineering")
print(f"{manager.name}: ${manager.salary}, {manager.department}")

class Flyable:
    def fly(self):
        return "Flying high!"

class Swimmable:
    def swim(self):
        return "Swimming fast!"

class Duck(Flyable, Swimmable):
    def quack(self):
        return "Quack!"

duck = Duck()
print(duck.fly())   # Flying high!
print(duck.swim())  # Swimming fast!
print(duck.quack()) # Quack!